Construction drawings are graphical representations that communicate how to construct, remodel and install a project. The drawings also convey the information on the room designations, doors, windows and fixture locations, dimension, materials and other details.
Table.1: Major Classification of Drawings used in Construction Industry
Development of construction drawings consumes time and in some construction firm it costs 50% of the project fee. This vary based on the complexity of the project.
Types of Drawings used in Construction
When drawings used in construction are put together and enlisted, they make a very large number. But we can study this topic by categorizing under main headings to make good understanding and confusions. The drawings used in construction can be categorized into:
- Civil Drawings
- Architectural Drawings
- Structural Drawings
- Electrical Drawings
- Plumbing Drawings
- Finishing Drawings
The types of drawings that comes under each are categorized and tabulated below
|
CIVIL |
ARCHITECTURAL |
STRUCTURAL |
ELECTRICAL |
PLUMBING |
FINISHING |
|
Site Plan |
Sketches/Concept Drawings |
Design Drawing |
Electrical Power Floor Plan |
Plumbing Floor Plans |
Elevation Designs |
|
Site Details |
Location drawings/general arrangement
drawings |
Engineering Drawing |
Electrical Lighting Floor Plan |
Plumbing Details |
Painting designs |
|
Paving and Grading Plan |
Floor plans |
Component Drawing |
Electrical Details and Schedules |
|
False Ceiling Designs |
|
Storm Sewer Plan |
Elevations |
Production Drawing |
Wiring Diagram |
|
Floor Patterns |
|
Erosion Control Notes |
Section drawings |
Scale Drawing |
Connection Diagrams |
|
Plastering Details |
|
|
Construction drawings/working drawings |
Assembly Drawings |
|
|
|
Table.1: Major Classification of Drawings used in Construction Industry
1. Civil Drawings in Building Construction
As enlisted in the table-1 above, civil drawings include all the basic drawing details that provides a overall picture of the whole project. These drawings do not provide the specific details of every components of the building. The civil drawings has:
- Site Plan
- Site Details
- Paving and Grading Plan
- Storm Sewer Plan
- Erosion Control Plans
Depending on how big or small the project is, list of drawings can reduce. Here, we have collected all possible drawings that can come under this category.
2. Architectural Drawings in Building Construction
An architectural drawing is also called as architect's drawing. It is an technical drawing of the building or structure that are developed and used by architects or civil engineers. The main purposes of an architectural drawing are:
- To Develop a Design Idea
- To Convert Design into a Proposal
- To communicate Ideas and Concepts
- To impress and convince the Client
- To assist the Building Contractor
- To keep it as a Record of the Document
- To make the Record of a Old Building
The main types coming under architectural drawings are:
- Sketches or Concept Drawings
- Location Drawings or General Arrangement Drawings
- Floor Plans
- Elevation
- Section Drawings
- Construction Drawings or Working Drawings
3. Structural Drawings in Building Construction
Structural drawing is a type of engineering drawing that includes all set of plans that are used to built the structure. These drawings are developed by registered civil or structural engineers. They also take assistance from the architects.
The structural drawings communicate the complete in-depth design of all the elements of the structure. This is submitted to the government authority for review. These documents are included with the contract documents while bidding contractors.
Structural drawing includes:
- Design Drawings
- Engineering Drawing
- Component Drawing
- Production Drawing
- Scale Drawing
- Assembly Drawings
4. Electrical Drawings
Electrical drawings are also called as wiring diagrams. It is a technical drawing type that communicates the electrical systems or circuits. The drawings explain the design to the electricians or other workers who deal with installation and repair of electrical systems.
The electrical drawings include:
- Site plan with building location and external wiring
- Floor plan showing position of electrical systems
- Wiring diagrams that shows physical connections and the layout of the electrical system
- Schedules
- Miscellaneous Information
5. Plumbing Drawings
Plumbing drawing in building construction are set of drawings that shows the layout of systems of pipes and piping arrangement that serve the process of carrying fresh water into the building and disposing the waste water from the building safely. The drawings that are included in plumbing drawings are:
- Plumbing Floor Plans
- Water Supply System Drawings
- Irrigation System Drawings
- Storm-water System Drawings
- Drainage System Drawings
Read More: Plumbing Drawings in Building Construction
6. Finishing Drawings
The finishing drawings are all the drawings that shows the final details of appearance, paintings and exterior details of how the final structure will look.
The figure below shows the Index of a construction drawings that shows the details of all the drawings mentioned in the drawing sheet.
The figure below shows the Index of a construction drawings that shows the details of all the drawings mentioned in the drawing sheet.
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